How to distinguish teething from a cold or other inflammatory diseases?

Young children are susceptible to many diseases and ailments, which are sometimes difficult to understand even for the most experienced pediatrician. Unlike an adult, a baby cannot explain what exactly is bothering him or which area of ​​the body needs attention, so young parents often confuse one problem of his well-being with another.

For example, there are regularly cases when a baby is brought in for examination complaining of a cold, when in fact he was worried about the eruption of baby teeth. But how to distinguish one from the other?

Etiology of teething

In some cases, the process of teething in children is asymptomatic, but sometimes the baby experiences discomfort and even unpleasant sensations due to pain when teeth move out of the gums. Teething is sometimes accompanied by a number of other symptoms, which may not necessarily appear all together, but their combination indicates quite clearly the cause of the problem:

• swelling and redness of the gums;
• disrupted eating and sleeping patterns;
• sudden changes in mood;
• a pronounced desire to put foreign objects into the mouth;
• slight redness of the ears and cheeks;
• excessive salivation, sometimes leading to coughing;
• occasionally small hematomas on the gums;
• slightly elevated temperature.

Teething often brings serious discomfort to the baby.
Individually, each of these signs may not indicate teething, so if a child has any of the described symptoms, it is necessary to conduct a diagnosis in order to detect others. The primary one is an increase in temperature, which is why it is sometimes difficult to distinguish an erupting thrush from a cold. This also includes spoiled appetite and sleep.

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Don't rush with complementary foods

As you know, a child’s first molars begin to appear at the age of 6 months. This period in life is also associated with a change in eating habits. It is important that during this period complementary foods are not introduced abruptly or in large quantities - this is a stressful situation for the child, which will provoke a decrease in immunity.

In addition, at the same time, a change in “antibodies” occurs in the baby’s body. While in the womb and in the first months of life, the child’s immune system “works” with the help of antibodies from the mother’s body. And it is at six months that “maternal” antibodies begin to be replaced by “own-produced” antibodies, and the fragile immune system may not cope on its own.

If your baby's teething process is painful, delay introducing solid foods. Remember that breast milk meets 90% of a baby's needs up to the age of 1 year.

Monitor air humidity and take walks

If several teeth are cut at the same time or one by one, then a runny nose can last for a week. At the same time, if the color of the discharge does not acquire a pathological shade characteristic of infectious diseases, there is no need to be overly nervous about this. If there is no fever and the child is alert, he can be bathed.

If you have a runny nose due to the first teeth, fresh air and maintaining normal humidity in the room help. Frequent airing and walks in nature will help ease this period for the baby.

Use medications only when absolutely necessary

In such situations, taking strong medications should be avoided. Including those that affect vascular tone. The small body quickly gets used to them and in the future will not be able to cope with breathing without the constant use of medications. In critical cases, the use of vasoconstrictor drugs is allowed for 6 days, no more. In addition, they must be with a strictly “children’s” dosage of the active substance and used in the dosage prescribed by the doctor.

To relieve general pain syndromes, children are recommended to be given anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs. They will help get rid of unpleasant sensations, but, alas, will not affect the abundance of phlegm.

Cleaning baby's nose

You can remove mucus yourself, using baby syringes or nasal aspirators, which are produced, for example, in the shape of funny animals and will not scare the baby; on the contrary, they will make the procedure of cleaning the nose fun.

In addition, syringes and nasal aspirators have different operating principles. If, with the help of the first, a certain solution is poured into the spout, and then it is removed from the nasal sinus, then nasal aspirators gently suck out excess mucus without causing the child any unpleasant sensations. They are mechanical and electronic.

In addition, to clean the sinuses, you can use thick cotton or gauze swabs or special wet baby wipes rolled into thick soft tubes.

You need to get rid of snot several times a day, in a way convenient for you.

However, experts do not recommend using sprays to clean the nose, since in children they can cause spasms of the vocal cords or simply scare the child.

At the same time, while getting rid of mucus from one nasal sinus, the second one must be carefully closed. It is better to clean the nose periodically so that the snot does not irritate the throat or get into the bronchi, maxillary sinuses or ears.

The cleansing process may not always be pleasant. Delicate mucous membranes will react sharply to it - with coughing reactions or even nausea. But after 3-4 procedures, if there were any negative reactions, they will disappear.

Basic rules for dealing with a runny nose during teething in a baby

The process of the appearance of new incisors and molars is not always accompanied by a runny nose. For many parents, this process can go unnoticed. Experts have come up with several “general” rules, the observance of which is useful for the child as a whole, but during such a runny nose it will make life much easier for both the baby and adults:

1. Walks in the open air. The more time a child spends outside, in comfortable conditions, the easier it will be for him to breathe. Even in the cleanest house there is dust and similar irritants that aggravate a child's runny nose.
2. The air temperature in the house should not be lower than +17 or higher than +22.
3. The air humidity in the children's room should not be lower than 55% or higher than 75%.
4. Gently remove mucus from the baby's nose. Make sure that the mucous surfaces are not overdried.
5. Monitor the type of discharge. If they are opaque and thick, this is a reason to worry.
6. Give the child a lot to drink to compensate for the loss of moisture (excessive tears, snot, salivation reduces the level of water in the body, and this can lead to drying out of the mucous membranes, an increase in temperature and the onset of inflammatory processes).
7. Keep calm. If a runny nose is not a symptom of a disease, then it will go away on its own. You need to come to terms with it and only make this period as easy as possible for the baby.

Prevention of runny nose and cough during teething in a child

There are no specific measures to prevent these unpleasant symptoms. However, following general hygiene and feeding recommendations will help keep your baby's body healthy and able to resist infection.

Recommended:

• Exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.
• If the child is bottle-fed, it is also not recommended to introduce complementary foods before six months.
• Gradual introduction of complementary foods focusing on the baby's nutritional interest.
• Maintaining the child’s personal hygiene, including oral hygiene. Asepta Baby finger wipes are great for this, helping to remove food debris and plaque from the baby’s gums and teeth.
• Correct daily routine, walks in the fresh air, cleanliness of the room and maintaining an optimal microclimate.

These rules will help support the child’s immunity, so that he can better cope with difficult trials for him, such as teething.

We hope your baby's teething process is painless and you get a good night's sleep. And if unpleasant sensations still bother your baby, ASEPTA BABY finger wipes for 0 to 3 years will help provide a gentle massage and relieve gum pain. Impregnation with plant extracts prevents inflammation and allows you to maintain the acid-base balance of the oral cavity.

Etiology of the common cold

From a medical point of view, a cold should be called directly only the cooling of the body, which led to one of the probable diseases, but in colloquial speech a number of diseases are called a cold. And although they all have a different nature of occurrence, based on such a provocative factor as hypothermia, they are usually combined into a common group:

• rhinitis;
• ARVI;
• pharyngitis (nasopharyngitis);
• laryngitis.

All these diseases have a different clinical picture with some common symptoms, and although in some ways they may resemble the symptoms of a malaise in which the baby is teething, there should be no problems with how to distinguish one from the other.

Differences from rhinitis

There are more differences than similarities between rhinitis and the teething condition. In the acute course of this disease, the nasal mucosa becomes inflamed, which is accompanied by active sneezing, tearfulness and general malaise. When entering the chronic stage, rhinitis provokes, on the contrary, nasal congestion with obvious swelling, as well as regular mucopurulent discharge.

As can be seen from the above, none of these symptoms are characteristic of those that accompany teething. The only common feature is an increase in temperature, but this coincidence is clearly not enough to diagnose rhinitis in an infant. It should be added that this disease is a frequent companion to more severe diseases such as measles and scarlet fever.

The only common feature is an increase in temperature.
Important! Rhinitis, unlike teething, can cause headaches, but it is impossible to diagnose it in the case of infants without special equipment.

How to help a child

If at an appointment with a pediatrician it becomes clear that the baby has an acute respiratory viral infection due to teething, the doctor will immediately prescribe treatment. To be sure, you can take a blood test, which will show you what needs to be dealt with. Usually the baby is prescribed:

• vasoconstrictor droplets according to age;
• cough syrup with ambroxol to prevent sputum from stagnating;
• cough tablets - usually Septefril or Lizobact in the permitted dosage;
• saline solution for rinsing the nasal passages;
• antipyretic drugs, for example, Analdim suppositories or suspensions - Panadol, Nurofen.

All medications are prescribed by a doctor - self-medication in this case is unacceptable!

If we are not talking about ARVI, but about a normal reaction to teeth, then when the temperature rises, the baby is given antipyretics, and the nose is washed with saline solution. If the baby is too restless, the gums are smeared with a special anesthetic gel.

Snot on your teeth can be either normal or a sign of infection. It is not difficult to determine their nature - there are many signs that signal that a child has become infected with ARVI. If it is an infection, the mother’s task is to follow the pediatrician’s instructions and do the maximum to ensure that he recovers. To prevent the baby from becoming infected with the virus during the teething period, it is necessary to visit crowded places less (especially during epidemics), wash his toys more often, avoid overheating and hypothermia, and rinse his nose.

Differences from ARVI

ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection) is what doctors call inflammatory diseases caused by pneumotropic viruses. This list includes pathogens such as:

• influenza and parainfluenza;
• adenoviruses;
• rhinoviruses;
• respiratory syncytial virus;
• reoviruses;
• coronaviruses;
• herpes simplex;
• enteroviruses;
• mycoplasma;
• pathogenic bacteria.

In general, this is a very broad group of diseases, the most common of which in terms of colds are influenza and herpes simplex. The first of them cannot be confirmed without laboratory tests, since influenza in its symptoms is very similar to any other disease from the list of acute respiratory viral infections.

But even with mild forms of this disease, doctors note a sharp rise in body temperature to 38 - 40 degrees, which is completely different from teething. Moreover, the flu is accompanied by chills and weakness, as well as a dry and tense cough: a baby with cutting milk mucus cannot have all of this (except for a cough, but even that is not dry, but very wet, since the baby coughs up excess saliva).

Note! Only in people with strong immunity does the flu go smoothly within a few days, while in people at risk (including infants) it often provokes pulmonary or extrapulmonary complications. In severe forms of the disease, vascular collapse and cerebral edema are possible.

Even with mild forms of this disease, doctors note a sharp rise in body temperature to 38 - 40 degrees, which is completely different from teething.
As for herpes simplex, its distinctive feature is the appearance of characteristic blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. It is sometimes called a “cold on the lips” because of the visible symptoms, but this disease has little in common with the common cold. It is very difficult to confuse herpes with signs of teething.

Why do you need to distinguish between viruses and bacteria?

In the autumn-winter period, the number of people with colds increases.
Respiratory infectious diseases are most often caused by viruses or bacteria. Pathologies provoked by such pathogens have similar symptoms. Therefore, it is very difficult to distinguish them. Meanwhile, it is necessary to determine the type of infection. This is important to do because:

1. To combat a viral infection, antiviral drugs are prescribed, and in the case of a bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed. If the treatment is chosen incorrectly, it is difficult to talk about the consequences. Antibiotics turn out to be completely useless against viruses. And antiviral drugs will not help cope with bacteria.
2. Lack of adequate treatment can lead to serious consequences. Some viral diseases (of course, we are not talking about the flu) can go away on their own, without any serious treatment. But it is impossible to suppress a bacterial infection without antibiotics. And in this case, the patient may develop serious complications.

Before you figure out how to distinguish a viral infection from a bacterial one, you need to understand what pathologies we are talking about.

Viral infection

According to statistics, acute respiratory diseases of the respiratory tract are caused by viruses in almost 92-98% of cases. Such illnesses last on average 10-14 days. During the first week, the patient complains of severe symptoms and fever. Then the acute phase is replaced by a recovery period, lasting from 3 to 7 days.

The following infections are classified as viral:

• rhinovirus (the virus affects the mucous membranes of the nose and nasopharynx);
• flu;
• adenoviral (this is a whole group of acute respiratory viral infections that affect the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, watery eyes, and moderate symptoms of intoxication);
• parainfluenza (pathology causes moderate intoxication and damage to the larynx and upper respiratory tract);
• infectious mononucleosis (the disease is accompanied by high fever, acute sore throat and swollen lymph nodes);
• MS (respiratory syncytial) - (a disease affecting the lower respiratory tract);
• metapneumovirus (the virus affects the respiratory system and digestive tract, which is manifested by diarrhea).

Improper treatment of viral pathologies can lead to bacterial complications.

Bacterial colds

Such diseases are usually caused by bacteria that live in the human body. They are controlled by the immune system and are classified as opportunistic.

As soon as the body's defenses decrease, such bacteria begin to become active. They can affect the mucous membranes of the mouth, pharynx, and nose. Bacteria are able to penetrate the bronchi, sinuses, lungs, and trachea.

Severe hypothermia is more likely to cause a bacterial infection, so when wondering how to distinguish it from a viral infection, remember to look at the previous events.

A bacterial infection manifests itself as:

• sinusitis (sinusitis, sinusitis);
• laryngitis;
• acute tonsillitis (tonsillitis);
• otitis media;
• tracheitis;
• pneumonia;
• bronchitis.

Difference from pharyngitis

Pharyngitis can also act as a concomitant disease with ARVI, but being an independent disease, it is, first of all, an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat. In its acute form, this disease is characterized by a sore throat, pain and a dry, painful cough.

A child with pharyngitis may also suffer from a slight (low-grade) fever, but it is the presence of a cough against the background of obvious redness of the throat that makes it easy to distinguish such a disease from the symptoms that characterize erupting baby teeth.

Difference from laryngitis

Laryngitis in its clinical picture is very similar to pharyngitis, while the main difference between them is the localization of the inflammatory process. Laryngitis affects the larynx, not the mucous membrane of the pharynx. Otherwise, the symptoms are similar: dryness and sore throat, dry cough (which then changes its character due to phlegm), headache and a relatively low temperature - up to 37.5 degrees.

A distinctive feature of laryngitis is the appearance of hoarseness or hoarseness in the voice, up to its loss, which is directly related to inflammation of the larynx. Obviously, baby teeth cannot erupt with such a set of symptoms, so this disease can easily be crossed off the list of probable causes of a child’s illness.

Why is high temperature dangerous for a child and when should you sound the alarm?

High temperature (39-40 degrees) is extremely dangerous for children in their first year of life. Because of this, disruption of the central nervous system and heart, and convulsions are possible. A rapid increase over several hours and one that is difficult to bring down with antipyretics is very dangerous.

As a result of a sharp increase, the temperature center of the brain is not able to withstand such a load, which can cause seizures. Children with central nervous system pathology are at risk. They cannot be risked, and the temperature must be brought down as soon as it has already risen to 37.5 degrees.

What to do if your child has a fever?

If, when teething, the child is restless, asks to be held, or cries, there is no need to worry. All parents go through this, you are not the first and you will not be the last. It is much worse if the baby does not react to anything, constantly sleeps and behaves very calmly. When the temperature rises, this is an alarming signal.

In this case, monitor your child with special attention and measure the temperature every hour. This can be done in the crease near the groin or armpit. To do this, it is better to use an electronic thermometer: it will be able to show you the result much faster than a mercury thermometer, in addition, it is more accurate. It is also safer and cannot be broken.

If the child’s temperature cannot be measured this way, it can be done rectally. To do this, lubricate the tip of the thermometer with baby cream, then carefully insert it into the rectum. Pinch the child's buttocks and wait for a signal indicating that the measurement is complete.

Important: when measured in the rectum, the values ​​will always be higher compared to those in the armpit. The norm is a temperature within 37-37.5 degrees. Once you get a score of 38.5 or higher, be sure to shoot it down.

How do you know if your baby is unwell? There are signs that indicate a condition where high fever is dangerous:

1. The skin feels dry and hot to the touch.
2. Lips become dry.
3. Eyes sparkle.
4. Cheeks turn red.
5. The baby rarely urinates.

If you see them, remember that urgent help is needed, because this condition is extremely dangerous for the child’s body.