Stomatitis on the tongue: causes, symptoms, treatment

Content:

Why does 1.1 occur? Infectious lesions of mucous membranes 1.2. Injuries as a provocateur of illness 1.3. Poor oral hygiene is a contributing factor to problem 1.4. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are the culprits of stomatitis 1.5. Stomatitis as a symptom of helminthic infestation 1.6. Allergy is the cause of illness 1.7. Intoxication causes illness
Classification
Symptoms
How to treat 4.1. Features of treatment of stomatitis

Tongue stomatitis is a dental disease in which the mucous membranes become inflamed. It is dangerous because it is prone to recurrence and sometimes becomes chronic. Children most often suffer from the pathology, but in 20% of cases it is diagnosed in adults.

Expert opinion

Roman Borisovich Alekperov

orthopedic dentist

Experience: 24 years

Most often, red spots on the tongue are not accompanied by pain. A slight burning sensation or no symptoms at all creates a dangerous feeling that the problem will go away on its own. This can worsen the condition and cause serious consequences. If you have red spots on your tongue, consult a doctor. It is better to quickly take measures recommended by professionals than to spend a long time on treatment later.

Why does it occur

Stomatitis on the tongue is caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi that live in the oral cavity. These can be pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that begin to actively multiply as a result of decreased immunity or jaw injuries.

Any person has a huge number of bacteria on the mucous membranes of the tongue. Under normal conditions, they do not cause harm and do not cause any complications. This is due to the fact that saliva contains a special antiseptic component - lysozyme, which does not allow bacteria to actively spread.

With a decrease in the body's defenses and trauma to the tissues of the tongue, infection occurs. Lysozyme ceases to cope with the function of suppressing bacterial and viral agents. Then wounds appear that do not heal for a long time.

Infectious lesions of the mucous membranes

The human tongue is an ideal place for bacteria and viruses to multiply. But saliva exhibits harmful activity and does not allow the latter to spread. If the salivary glands do not function at full capacity, the content of harmful organisms increases. This happens with diabetes, dysbiosis, and severe dehydration.

If there are too many bacteria, a white or yellowish coating forms on the tongue. Soon, ulcers of an infectious nature form. Bubbles can also form, which burst and merge with each other, turning into voluminous painful erosions.

Injuries as a provocateur of illness

In some people, stomatitis is a consequence of constant trauma to the membranes of the mouth from the braces. Damage can also be a consequence of an incorrect bite - for example, if, due to an anomaly, a person very often bites the tip of his tongue.

It has been noticed that the disease more often develops in people who eat solid foods that have sharp edges (lollipops, crackers, etc.). Injury to mucous membranes and broken crowns of teeth.

Poor oral hygiene is a contributing factor to the problem.

More often, people who do not pay due attention to oral hygiene need treatment. Typically, they rarely brush their teeth, do not undergo routine dental examinations, and do not use dental floss or mouthwash.

It is very bad if a person eats unwashed vegetables and fruits or has the bad habit of biting nails and foreign objects. All this aggravates the already imperfect hygiene and increases the risk of infection of microcracks on the surface of the tongue.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are the culprits of stomatitis

You can tell a lot about the features of the gastrointestinal tract by looking at the language. If the mucous membrane of an organ often becomes inflamed and becomes painful, doctors suspect the presence of ulcers, gastritis, colitis, etc.

In such a situation, self-medication is prohibited. The patient needs to consult both a dentist and a gastroenterologist.

Stomatitis as a symptom of helminthic infestation

The studies carried out made it possible to establish that tissue irritation is sometimes the result of the activity of worms living in the human body. The presence of worms can be suspected if the tissues of the oral cavity are covered with small ulcers at intervals of thirty to forty days.

Allergy is the cause of the disease

In allergy sufferers, inflammatory mouth disease is more common. Relapses occur after using certain foods, cosmetics, medications, toothpastes and various hygiene products.

If there is an assumption that the disease is a consequence of individual intolerance to any compound, the use of any formulations containing it should be excluded. During periods of exacerbation, it is necessary not only to relieve inflammation that appears in the mouth, but also to take antihistamine tablets prescribed by an allergist.

Intoxication causes illness

In some people, the disease appears in response to poisoning by some toxic elements. Sometimes one dose of a poisonous drug is enough to then suffer from relapses for a long time.

Intoxication occurs when inhaling fumes of paint, varnish, low-quality household chemicals, or after using a number of building materials. People who work with chemical fertilizers, dangerous cleaning solutions and gels are especially at risk of encountering it.

Plaque on the tongue: normal or not?

The human language is a kind of litmus test for the health of the entire organism. Normally, a healthy person should have a tongue without plaque, but this is ideal, which is rare today. If the tongue is coated, there are only two cases where you should not worry about it.

After meal.
Eating foods such as strong tea, black coffee, red wine, blueberries, and beets causes temporary staining of the tongue and an unnatural coating on it, but both phenomena go away on their own and do not cause damage to health.
After the night.
A constant coating on the tongue in the morning is normal. At night, bacteria living in the mouth actively multiply, leaving traces of their vital activity. A thorough morning toilet will put everything in its place.

Tongue care kit from miradent.

Classification

It is easy to understand why stomatitis develops by its classification. So, doctors distinguish the following types of pathology:

viral;
fungal;
bacterial;
allergic;
autoimmune;
traumatic.

When determining how to treat a disease, the doctor must take into account the provoking factor. Otherwise, it will not be possible to get positive dynamics quickly.

Doctors treating frenulum pain under the tongue

When the frenulum of the tongue hurts, you should visit a therapist. The doctor will conduct an examination and diagnosis, and then refer you to one of the following specialists:

Dentist;
Neuropathologist;
Oncologist;
Surgeon;
Nutritionist;
Psychologist.

Symptoms

The disease most often develops acutely. The patient's body temperature rises. He complains of weakness and decreased performance. Pain appears in the arms and legs. Your head may hurt a lot.

The skin of the tongue becomes very sensitive. Small lesions appear on its surface, and when touched, severe pain occurs. The ulcers are getting larger every day. It gets to the point where they merge with each other. Then the course of stomatitis worsens. The tissues swell.

A person cannot eat, smile, or talk normally. Bleeding gums may occur. The smell from the mouth becomes unpleasant and foul. No hygiene products intended for treating the oral cavity can help eliminate it. Salivation increases significantly.

Despite the fact that stomatitis affects only the tissues of the tongue and oral cavity, it negatively affects the well-being of a person as a whole. With a strong decrease in immunity, it often comes to the point that the patient develops severe intoxication.

How to treat

If the disease is not advanced, it is quite possible to cure it on your own by rinsing and using antiseptic pharmaceutical ointments. But if after two or three days of self-therapy the situation has not improved or, even worse, the disease has begun to progress even more actively, it is recommended to immediately consult a dentist. The doctor will conduct a diagnosis, determine the true cause of the pathology and select an effective treatment.

to monitor oral hygiene during therapy After every meal you need to rinse your mouth. For this purpose, it is allowed to use self-prepared decoctions and infusions of herbs, special dental solutions, or at least warm water.

Periandibular abscess

When a person suffers from pain in the area of the frenulum under the tongue caused by a perimandibular abscess, he observes a purulent inflammatory process. If timely treatment is not started, purulent decay of adjacent tissues will occur.

A perimaxillary abscess becomes the cause of illnesses suffered, which include:

Tonsillitis;
All kinds of dental diseases;
Angina;
Furunculosis;
Various injuries;
Infectious diseases.

Signs of illness

To the sensations of pain in the frenulum under the tongue is added:

Painful palpation;
Swelling;
Facial asymmetry;
Lack of appetite;
Lethargy;
Heat;
Excessive salivation;
Hyperemia and infiltration on the frenulum of the tongue.

If such signs appear, you should immediately go to the hospital to prescribe appropriate therapy.

Treatment options

The doctor prescribes treatment for the abscess, based on the individual characteristics of the patient and the course of the disease.

Conservative methods include:

Antibiotics;
Analgesics;
Vitamin therapy;
Immunostimulants;
Detoxification therapy;
Soda mouth rinses.

If positive results do not appear after conservative treatment, doctors resort to surgery.

Features of treatment of stomatitis

The therapeutic regimen is selected taking into account the cause of the disease. The approach must be comprehensive. To relieve pain symptoms, you need to use medications containing lidocaine. These can be gels, tablets, rinsing solutions.

If it turns out that the pathology is caused by herpes, you need to use antiviral drugs, including oxolin and acyclovir. In case of severe inflammation, medications with the addition of solcoseryl, vitamins, and oils help. If the culprit of the pathology is bacteria, the use of dental ointments based on chlorhexidine, miramistin, furatsilin, metronidazole, chlorophyllipt is indicated.

When a disease is of a fungal nature, antifungal compounds come to the rescue. Their active substances are nystatin, clotrimazole, miconazole. Rinsing your mouth with a weak soda solution helps with fungus.

If during the examination it is determined that the tongue is damaged as a result of the progression of an allergic reaction, general-spectrum antihistamines are prescribed. In the presence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the activity of the stomach and intestines is first of all normalized. Usually, after eliminating the underlying disease, cases of stomatitis also disappear.

In order for positive dynamics to emerge as quickly as possible, the patient must follow all medical prescriptions and not stop treatment ahead of time. Then the ulcers will heal within three to seven days, the pain will be a thing of the past.