Principles of preparation for lithium disilicate structures (2155) - Orthopedics

Types of products
Ceramic inlay e max: main indications
Contraindications for installing ceramic inlays
Ceramic tooth inlay: advantages and disadvantages of products
Manufacturing and installation stages
Ceramic dental inlay: care features

If it is necessary to carry out extensive restoration, they often resort not to filling material, but to ceramic inlays (onlays).
They are one of the best methods of dental restoration and provide high-quality results. Ceramic inlays are a microprosthesis that is fixed in the tooth cavity. Such orthopedic structures are characterized by high aesthetics and durability; they are completely identical to healthy enamel, due to which they have become widespread. The e max ceramic inlay is in particular demand; it can be installed in a reliable dental clinic “A-medic”. The company's pricing policy is loyal, the cost of the service starts from 15,000 rubles. Before installing a microprosthesis, dentists conduct an examination and diagnosis to identify possible contraindications. In dentistry, a ceramic inlay is installed in just 2 stages, which allows you to quickly make your smile more attractive. An individual approach to each patient is guaranteed.

Types of products

Experts distinguish between two main types of orthopedic structures: stump and restorative. A ceramic core inlay is required to restore the tooth core for subsequent fixation of the crown. Most often it is used for prosthetics of incisors. Restorative structures are used for chewing teeth when one or two surfaces are damaged. In addition to high aesthetics, they are characterized by reliability and durability. Also, the tabs are distinguished by the material used. Below are the most common materials from which products are made.

pressed ceramics. Products are produced using porcelain injection molding. The procedure is carried out under conditions of high temperature and pressure. Compared to orthopedic structures made of metal or zirconium dioxide, they are not as durable, but are ideal from an aesthetic point of view;
zirconium dioxide. They are made by grinding finished metal oxide blanks. Grinding is carried out automatically using a ready-made impression (plaster model) of a damaged molar or premolar. Thanks to computer control, finished structures are characterized by high quality. Upon completion, the workpiece is fired, fusing the porcelain mass. Zirconium dioxide is a high-tech material for orthopedic structures, and therefore is in special demand. From an aesthetic point of view, such inlays are in no way inferior to porcelain products, and in terms of strength they are not inferior to metal products;
metal. The metal most often used is gold or a silver-palladium alloy. Such designs are reliable, but do not have high aesthetics;
metal ceramics. This is the latest orthopedic design, which is distinguished by high aesthetics, but at the same time cannot boast of proper quality. Due to thermal exposure, such products often fall out of the mouth. Most experts advise installing a structure made of zirconium dioxide or pressed ceramics rather than metal ceramics.

Which material to choose

The selected material for making the inlay must meet a number of requirements: be hard and elastic, bioinert, shrink to a minimum during casting, and have low thermal conductivity.

Modern dentistry can offer the following options:

Ceramic	Best suited for patients who prefer non-metallic crowns. Such inlays are also called cosmopost and are most often used to restore front teeth. The color of the inlay itself can be perfectly matched to the natural color of the tooth. For manufacturing, zirconium or carbon pins are used, onto which a ceramic crown is subsequently built up. There is also a mixed option - a stump inlay with metal-ceramics, it is much stronger than ordinary ceramic, so it can be freely used on teeth that perform the chewing function.
KHS (cobalt chromium)	Ideal for restoring chewing teeth that bear heavy loads is a cobalt-chrome core inlay. Such inserts are distinguished by high hardness and strength, but they are difficult to process, so the KHS insert is not suitable for a collapsible design. Moreover, the alloy of cobalt and chromium may cause an allergic reaction in some patients.
From gold	The safest, most aesthetic and hypoallergenic are gold stump inlays. Gold is a universal material that does not enter into chemical reactions, so products made from it are not subject to corrosion and destruction; moreover, it is more convenient to work with gold, since this metal is easy to melt, forge and post-installation processing.
Metal	Among metal stump inlays, inserts made of noble (silver, palladium) and non-precious (titanium, steel, cobalt, nickel, chromium) alloys are popular. The advantage of silver is its bactericidal properties, however, after installing a silver alloy insert, an oxide film begins to form around the tooth and on its surface, causing darkening of the enamel and pigmentation of the gum tissue. Titanium has the highest bioinert properties and high hardness, but it is not very convenient to work with due to its fragility. And the alloy of chromium and nickel is subject to severe shrinkage.

In any case, if you decide to restore a damaged tooth using an inlay, rather than using standard factory pins, discuss your decision with your doctor in advance and get detailed advice on this issue at ABC Dentistry.

Ceramic inlay e max: main indications

Many people mistakenly believe that ceramic inlays are a type of regular filling. In fact, they belong to the category of high-tech microprostheses. Its parameters and characteristics significantly exceed any, even the most modern and high-quality filling material. Among the main indications for installing ceramic inlays are:

destruction of the coronal part by 30% or more;
preparing a molar or premolar for the installation of permanent orthopedic structures, for example, bridges;
increased abrasion of enamel;
the presence of a large cavity that was formed as a result of an advanced carious process;
increased sensitivity of molars or premolars to external factors;
mechanical damage.

If, after fixing the orthopedic structure, pronounced painful sensations occur, you should not delay your visit to the dentist. Most often, pain and discomfort are a sign that the product was installed incorrectly. To avoid such situations, treatment should be carried out only in trusted dental clinics.

Treatment

Before starting restoration work, the Azbuka dentist is obliged to check the root of the tooth for inflammation, purulent discharge, or cysts. The use of stump pin inlays is possible only if the root tissue is reliable and in the absence of any hint of an inflammatory process. The fact is that after correct installation of the structure, removal of the core tab is only possible together with the tooth itself.

The length of the root cannot be less than the height of the crown being installed, and the walls must be at least 1 mm thick so that they do not crack under pressure. The remaining walls are removed to a height of approximately 1-2 mm above the gum level, and the tooth is prepared for a stump inlay.

Before installation, the doctor files additional pins located on the top of the insert, making it easy to install. After fixation, they break off, and the surface of the inlay is polished. Various types of composite cements are used to fix the inlay in the root canals. The cementing substance is introduced into the channels, applied to the pins, after which the tab is inserted into the prepared holes and securely fixed. Preparations for crown installation are made during your next visit to the dentist.

Contraindications for installing ceramic inlays

The emax tab also has some contraindications for installation. There are no absolute contraindications, but there are relative and temporary ones, which are recommended to be eliminated before installing a ceramic onlay. Among them, insufficient oral hygiene is the most common contraindication. In this case, a specialist performs professional cleaning and prescribes additional oral care methods that can be done at home.

In case of carious lesions of the teeth, the dentist carries out treatment, and after it proceeds to install the structure. Experts do not recommend installing onlays on the last molars (“eights”). They do not perform a chewing function, so in case of severe destruction, the easiest way is to completely get rid of them without spending time on restoration.

It will not be possible to carry out the installation if only one wall of the tooth remains (at least two remaining walls are required). Problems can arise when the cavity depth is insignificant (less than 2 mm) or the presence of pathological cavities that go deep into the dentin. For bruxism (teeth grinding), the installation of pads is not recommended, since they will quickly wear out, which will significantly reduce the service life. However, you can use a special device (night guard) that will prevent the teeth of the lower jaw from rubbing against the teeth of the upper jaw.

Ceramic tooth inlay: advantages and disadvantages of products

Currently, ceramic onlays are the most common method of restoring incisors, molars or premolars; they are recognized as reliable and durable. Unlike composite fillings, they are not made in the patient’s mouth, but in isolation, in a dental laboratory (using impressions). This allows you to create an anatomically correct tooth shape with increased accuracy. This factor is very important for the area of contact with the adjacent incisor, molar or premolar. The use of ceramic inlays makes it possible not to resort to crowns if the root bases of the teeth are intact. The main advantages of the products include:

high aesthetic qualities. Ceramic onlays are no different from natural molars or premolars. The material fully matches their visual characteristics. Only a specialist can notice the difference upon careful close examination;
durability (compared to a conventional filling). If you follow all the recommendations prescribed by your doctor, the orthopedic design can last more than 10 years. For comparison, a regular filling lasts about 3-4 years;
no changes in appearance. Ceramics do not darken over the course of a year, so the original color remains intact for the entire duration of wear. It is completely resistant to dyes and other external factors;
no shrinkage and polymerization after fastening. The main factor influencing the development of secondary carious lesions is pathogenic microorganisms that enter the gap between dentin and filling material. It occurs as a result of shrinkage of the filling. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, the filling significantly decreases in volume and sags. e max structures retain their dimensions and do not change during the manufacturing and installation process. Their grinding occurs at the same time as the tooth tissues;
complete safety. The material does not have a negative effect on the human body and does not provoke the development of allergic reactions;
high strength. Unlike conventional fillings (light, chemical), the inlay is more securely fixed and is characterized by increased resistance to mechanical and thermal stress.

The emax ceramic inlay has no significant disadvantages. Some are confused by the time spent on manufacturing and installing orthopedic structures, which, unlike conventional fillings, require several visits to the dentist's office. Relative disadvantages include the high price (compared to inlays made of other metals). It is worth noting that their quality, aesthetics and long service life justify their relatively high cost.

Making a tab

Preparation for the manufacture of an inlay differs quite significantly from preparation for a composite direct restoration. We're not talking about a free cavity design. We need smooth, slightly diverging walls and a flat bottom, which can be leveled with a thin layer of restoration material. The angle between the walls and the bottom should be rounded to reduce stress on the material and hard tooth tissue in these areas. The cavity must be of sufficient size; weakened tooth tissues are excised to avoid further chipping. There are a huge number of these rules, which depend on the restoration material and the location of the defect, but there are the basic rules stated above. And the rest are determined by the doctor’s experience and the correct ability to assess the relevant clinical situation.

Next comes the impression. Modern materials make it possible to obtain two-layer one-stage prints of excellent quality, but this applies specifically to the materials. But with regards to modern technological solutions, we are taking a significantly different path and transferring the real state of affairs in the oral cavity into digital. To do this, we use intraoral optical scanners and the optical impressions they produce.

Next, we also model the inlay, pay special attention to the preparation border, proximal contacts, carefully check the occlusal contacts and remember the last century.

Today we will do it differently. Computer modeling will allow us not only to accurately model boundaries and contacts, but also to copy a tooth of the same name from the opposite side of the jaw, modify it to suit the situation in this area, create not just multiple occlusal contacts, but create them in the place we need, with the area and height required at micro levels. Yes, experienced doctors can do this with filling materials in the oral cavity, but not every one of us is a doctor with many decades of experience behind us. Moreover, ease of working with digital data and speed in working with digital data will definitely lead to a change in priorities in dentistry. Already leading. The modeled inlay is milled and sent to the office, or to the chair, since a milling machine in the office itself becomes commonplace.

If there are no such possibilities today, then we either polymerize the modeled composite inlay, or send a wax model of the inlay to replace it with ceramics.

Next, the tabs are fixed and the satisfied patient goes to stop chewing nuts.

Manufacturing and installation stages

Manufacturing and installation of an orthopedic structure is not difficult and does not take much time. At the initial appointment, the dentist examines the oral cavity to determine indications and contraindications for the procedure. If contraindications are identified, they are eliminated, after which they proceed to therapy. If necessary, endodontic treatment and hygienic treatment of the diseased tooth are carried out. By analogy with standard filling, the specialist removes all destroyed tissue from the tooth, forming an area for a microprosthesis. After this, a cast is made that exactly repeats its shape.

The production time for an emax ceramic inlay based on the impression obtained (3D modeling results) is about 5-10 days. At this time, a temporary filling material is placed in the patient's cavity. The onlay is made in laboratory conditions, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient’s dental system. The orthopedic structure is fired and covered with layers of ceramics. At the secondary appointment, the patient’s temporary filling is removed and a finished microprosthesis is installed. It is attached using special cement, which firmly adheres to the ceramics and enamel of the tooth. This guarantees a secure fit. At the end of the process, the surface is polished. The whole procedure takes no more than 120-150 minutes.

Ceramic dental inlay: care features

The ceramic inlay and onlay do not require complex care. You need to care for your teeth like you would for regular teeth - brush twice a day, use floss and mouth rinses after each meal. It is worth noting that ceramic inlays, due to their physical properties, do not require additional care (unlike light fillings) - professional cleaning.

In order to promptly detect leaks in the Emax tab, you need to regularly visit the dentist’s office (once every six months). When a dark stripe appears, there is a high probability that pathogenic microorganisms have begun to penetrate under the ceramic inlay, which provoke the development of a carious process. On average, the service life of ceramic structures is about 7-8 years. Subject to all rules and hygiene standards, as well as the absence of increased stress, they can last several years longer.

You can install a ceramic inlay in Moscow at the reliable A-Medic clinic. Qualified specialists with extensive experience work here, which guarantees a positive result. The orthopedic design is no different from natural teeth and can last for many years. In the event that there are contraindications to the installation of this product, A-Medic dentists will be able to select another method of tooth restoration.

NeoStom – Dentistry website

This is an operation of excision in a certain sequence of hard tissues of the tooth crown to give the cavity the desired shape. Like any surgical intervention, preparation of a cavity in vital teeth under an inlay may be associated with the development of early or delayed complications: • postoperative tooth sensitivity; • opening of the tooth cavity; • acute and chronic pulpitis; • secondary caries. The development of complications may be due to the action of local damaging factors: mechanical trauma, drying, hyperthermia, vibration, microbial invasion. Therefore, to prevent the development of complications, the formation of cavities for inlays in teeth with preserved pulp is performed with adequate pain relief, in compliance with the general rules, principles and preparation regimes.

• Preparation of vital teeth for inlays, more than for other types of orthopedic structures, is associated with the risk of damage to the pulp (traumatic pulpitis). Therefore, when preparing a cavity for an inlay, it is necessary to take into account the anatomical and topographical features of the tooth being prepared: the structure and thickness of hard tissues in different areas, the topography of the tooth cavity. Excision of hard tissues should be carried out under X-ray control and taking into account safety zones (Abolmasov N.G., Gavrilov E.I., Klyuev B.S., 1968, 1984), with control of the depth of preparation. • Dissection should be carried out intermittently, with well-centered, sharp instruments, under full air-water cooling (50 ml/min). The water temperature should not exceed 35 °C. • When preparing, it is necessary to observe the speed modes of preparation for enamel and dentin. • To prevent the development of secondary caries, it is necessary to control the quality of removal of infected dentin. • After preparation, the prepared dentin must be protected. • Preparation of a carious cavity consists of the following stages: — excision of all hard tissues affected by the carious process and complete removal of infected dentin (necrotomy); — preventive expansion of the cavity; — formation (special preparation) of a cavity of the desired shape. When forming cavities for inlays, carbide and diamond burs of the following shapes are used: spherical, cylindrical, cone-shaped, flame-shaped. By sequentially using diamond and carbide burs of the same shape and size, the most optimal conditions for preparation are created. Removal of infected dentin and preliminary formation of a cavity in dentin is recommended to be carried out using carbide burs with a small number of blades. At the main stage of cavity formation, it is advisable to use diamond burs, at the final stage - carbide burs with a large number of blades (finers) or diamond burs with red markings. General principles of forming cavities for inlays The main features of preparing teeth for inlays, as opposed to fillings, are the creation of relative parallelism of the side walls for the possibility of introducing the finished structure, as well as the need for preparation to a depth that ensures sufficient strength of the inlay. To ensure reliable fixation of the inlay while maintaining cavity edges that are resistant to chewing pressure and to prevent relapse of caries during cavity formation, certain principles must be observed. • The cavity is given the most appropriate shape, such that the insert can be easily removed from it in only one direction. In this case, the vertical walls of the cavity should be parallel or slightly diverge (diverge). The slope of the walls is not a constant value and can vary depending on the depth of the cavity: for superficial cavities the slope should be less, for deep ones it should be greater. • The bottom and walls of the cavity should be able to withstand chewing pressure well, and their relationship should contribute to the stability of the inlay. The design of the angle formed by the outer walls and the bottom of the cavity has a certain significance for stability. The angle of transition of these walls into the bottom should be clearly defined and approach a straight line. • The bottom of the cavity should be parallel to the roof of the tooth cavity and be of sufficient thickness to protect the pulp from external influences. Depending on age, the safe thickness of dentin above the pulp cavity can range from 0.6 mm for teeth whose root formation process has already been completed, and 1.4 mm for teenage and young adult teeth with wide and open dentinal tubules.

• To prevent relapse of caries, it is necessary to carry out preventive expansion of the cavity. • When forming a complex cavity that involves several surfaces of the tooth, retention elements should be created to prevent the inlay from moving in different directions. Additional retention points should be created if at least one outer wall is missing or its height is insignificant. Fixation elements can have different shapes: cross-shaped, T-shaped, dovetail. • The cavity for the inlay must have sufficient depth with mandatory immersion into the dentin. • The formed cavity should be asymmetrical or have additional recesses that serve as guides when inserting it into the cavity. There should be no undercuts that would interfere with the removal and insertion of the inlay. In each specific clinical case, the method of preparing hard dental tissues for an inlay will differ depending on the class of hard tissue defect and the material used to make the inlay. Thus, the peculiarities of cavity formation in the manufacture of metal inlays include the creation of a bevel (rebate) in the enamel with a width of at least 0.5 mm at an angle of 45° relative to the internal walls of the cavity, which ensures an accurate marginal fit of the inlay to the enamel, increasing its retention area ( Fig. 1-2).

Rice. 1-2. A finally formed cavity with the creation of a bevel (rebate) during the manufacture of a metal inlay. In the manufacture of metal-free inlays, the creation of bevels in the enamel is contraindicated due to the properties of the materials - their fragility in the presence of a thin layer in the area of the transition to the tooth enamel. In addition, when making metal-free inlays, the internal corners of the cavity should be slightly rounded, the outer boundary of the cavity should be within the enamel (Fig. 1-3). When forming a cavity for composite, ceramic inlays, the edges of the cavity are not finished to ensure a high degree of fixation.

Rice. 1-3. The final formed cavity for the manufacture of a non-metallic (ceramic, composite) inlay

Preparation of class 1 cavities according to Black Class 1 cavities (Fig. 1-4) are characterized by the preservation of all outer walls, which, if the cavity is formed correctly, prevent displacement of the inlay. The stability of the inlay is ensured by the depth of the cavity and the angle between the bottom of the cavity and its walls.

Rice. 1-4. View of a mandibular molar after completion of the formation of a 1st class cavity under the tab. 1st class cavities located on the chewing surfaces of molars and premolars are formed at the locations of fissures and intercuspal fossae. The cavities are given a typical shape: they should follow the fissure pattern without the formation of sharp corners (see Fig. 1-4). When forming a cavity, elements are created (bottom, walls of the cavity, bevels, etc.) that have a certain functional significance. The main wall of the cavity, which takes on most of the chewing pressure, is the bottom. It is formed parallel to the chewing surface and perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth. The tilt of this cavity wall is permissible only towards the strong outer wall. The tilt of the cavity bottom towards the weakened wall can cause a fracture of the tooth crown. When forming deep cavities to prevent perforation, one should not strive to form a flat bottom by grinding off the hard tissues of the tooth. If the bottom of the cavity is concave, it is subsequently leveled with lining material. To prevent recurrence of caries during the formation of class 1 cavities, enamel prisms that have lost contact with dentin must be ground off. For this purpose, the enamel wall must be given the most favorable slope, taking into account the radial direction of the enamel prisms along the edge of the tooth defect.

When forming cavities of the 1st class, you should not make them with symmetrical contours (round, oval) - this will complicate the fit and may cause incorrect fixation of the inlay in the tooth crown. To add asymmetry, the cavity is slightly lengthened or expanded towards one of the fissures. If there are two or more cavities on the occlusal surface, they are combined into one. Preparation of class 2 cavities Class 2 cavities are characterized by destruction of the contact surfaces of the chewing group of teeth. The preparation of a 2nd class cavity begins with separation, which is carried out with a thin diamond head to the level of the tooth neck. The separation plane must be strictly vertical or slightly inclined towards the center of the tooth crown. Then, using a fissure bur, a cavity is formed on the contact surface to create a ledge and an additional area on the chewing surface (Fig. 1-5). The gingival wall of the cavity should be located at the level of the gingival margin. An additional area on the occlusal surface is intended both for preventive expansion of the cavity and to prevent displacement of the inlay towards the missing wall. On the chewing surface, hard tissues are excised, bypassing the intact slopes of the tubercles, and the cavity acquires a complex shape, which ensures good fixation of the inlay. If both contact surfaces of the tooth crown are affected, it is necessary to form a three-sided cavity (both contact and chewing surfaces are prepared) even if there is a filling on one of the contact surfaces. In this case, separation is carried out and, according to general rules, cavities are formed on both contact surfaces, which are then connected to each other by the cavity formed during excision of the chewing groove. To prevent chipping of the vestibular or oral walls of the cavity, which are under load during chewing, it is often necessary to grind off the tubercles, then restoring them with the inlay material.

Preparation of class 3 cavities There are three degrees of destruction of the tooth crown with caries of the contact surface: • without disruption of the labial or oral surface; • with damage to one of them; • with simultaneous destruction of the labial, contact and oral surfaces. Depending on the degree of destruction of the crown, the method of forming cavities changes. When only the contact surface is affected, the cavity is formed in the form of a triangle with the apex facing the cutting edge and the base parallel to the gingival edge. The bottom of the cavity should be convex, repeating the contours of the contact surface of the crown. The formation of such a cavity is possible in the absence of adjacent teeth.

Rice. 1-5. View of a mandibular molar after preparation of a class 2 cavity for making an inlay

Rice. 1-6. View of the maxillary canine after completion of the formation of a class 3 cavity for the inlay. In case of combined lesions of the contact and oral (or labial) surfaces, the cavity is formed taking into account the path of insertion of the inlay and the creation of an additional fixation platform (usually in the form of a “dovetail”). An additional cavity is created in proportion to the main one, immersing it in dentin. The transition from one cavity to another is designed in the form of a step. When forming a cavity under the inlay, cavity elements are formed, each of which carries a certain functional load (Fig. 1-6). With the simultaneous destruction of the contact, oral and vestibular surfaces, additional depressions are created in the dentin from the labial and oral surfaces to hold the inlay. At the same time, the axial wall of the cavity is preserved in the form of a roller, which will protect the pulp chamber. If there are cavities on both contact surfaces, they are connected by a fairly wide groove passing through the blind fossa.

Preparation of class 4 cavities The nature of the formation of class 4 cavities depends on the structural features of the cutting edge. Teeth with destruction of the cutting edge are divided into two groups depending on its width. As a rule, teeth with a wide cutting edge are found in older people, in patients with increased wear of hard dental tissues. In such teeth, between the layers of enamel there is a fairly thick layer of dentin, which makes it possible to create a cavity or an additional fixing platform in it. In this regard, the need to prepare the palatal surface of the tooth crown is eliminated, and the inlay located on the cutting edge protects the tooth from further abrasion. The shape of the prepared main cavity located on the contact surface must be such that the path of insertion and removal of the inlay coincides with the long axis of the tooth, and the gingival wall is perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth. In addition to the main cavity, an additional platform is created in the cutting edge in the form of a groove, commensurate with the main cavity and the width of the cutting edge. This groove may end with a recess in the form of a channel, into which a pin fixed in the inlay will subsequently enter, improving its fixation, or it may move into a cavity on the other contact surface (in case of damage to both contact walls of the tooth). In teeth with a thin cutting edge, the formation of the main cavity is carried out in the middle third of the tooth crown, perpendicular to the palatal surface. This direction determines the insertion path of the tab. The bottom of the main cavity becomes the labial wall of the tooth crown. To ensure fixation of the inlay, an additional platform is formed in the area of the blind fossa at the base of the dental tubercle with immersion in the dentin. If both contact surfaces are affected with a violation of the angles of the cutting edge, the latter is used to form a step and create a saddle-shaped connection of the proximal cavities. When the cutting edge is chipped, it is ground off, creating a bevel from the oral surface. Then a cavity is formed taking into account the topography of the tooth cavity with the creation of vertical channels for the pins. The canals should run midway from the pulp to the enamel edge.

Preparation of class 5 cavities When forming cavities in the cervical region, it is necessary to take into account the proximity of the cavity to the equator and the danger of opening the pulp chamber located close to the surface of the tooth. The expansion of the cavity is carried out to the greatest curvature of the tooth crown in the area of the equator and contact surfaces. The bottom of the cavity is formed convex, especially on the front group of teeth. The gingival wall is formed at the level of the gingival margin, except for those cases when there remains a section of intact hard tissue at least 2 mm wide between the edge of the cavity and the gum. The mesial and distal walls of the cavity must be at a certain angle to each other, and the wall facing the cutting edge (or occlusal surface) and the gingival wall must be parallel. This ensures retention of the tab. Protection of prepared dentin After preparation, to protect dentin from irritating factors, its dentinal tubules are sealed using desensitizers - materials whose operating principle is based on sealing dentinal tubules in various ways. The main effect of using desensitizers is to reduce the sensitivity of prepared dentin. During the production of the inlay, the cavity formed in the tooth must be closed with a temporary filling, which protects the tooth from thermal, chemical, mechanical and microbial influences in the postoperative period.

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