Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Ketorol in the treatment of pain syndromes

Ketorol is an effective pain reliever. The medicine belongs to the group of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs. In addition to the analgesic effect, the drug reduces inflammation and swelling. In addition, ketorol, the instructions indicate this, has antipyretic properties.

Composition, forms and effects of the drug

The strong analgesic effect of the drug is provided by the main active substance - ketorolac tromethamine. Other components may vary depending on the manufacturer, so be sure to read the instructions.

The effect after taking the medicine is comparable to the effect of morphine. But at the same time, ketorol is a safer drug to use. The product can be used to combat different types of pain, the causes of which are any pathological conditions. It is used to eliminate symptoms and to treat specific diseases that are accompanied by swelling and fever.

The drug is produced in the form of:

• Tablets in a green soluble shell (with the amount of active substance - 10 mg).
• Transparent solution for intramuscular and intravenous administration (with an amount of active substance -30 mg/ml).
• Transparent, homogeneous gel (2%).

The most popular is the tablet form. After taking the drug, the active substance is completely absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract in the shortest possible time. Wherein:

• The maximum concentration in the blood is reached after an hour.
• Antipyretic and analgesic effects are observed after 30 minutes.
• Fatty foods slow down the absorption of the active substance.

Composition and mechanism of action of Ketorol

Ketorol is available in three dosage forms - tablets, injection solution and gel. Regardless of the release form, the main active ingredient is ketorolac tromethamine.

The drug belongs to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory non-narcotic drugs. Under the influence of ketorolac, the secretion of cyclooxygenase, the enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins, is reduced in peripheral tissues. These are physiologically active substances that regulate pain, inflammation and temperature. By blocking the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase, Ketorol accordingly reduces the production of prostaglandins, which leads to the following effects:

• inflammation decreases;
• temperature normalizes;
• painful sensations are relieved.

It is the analgesic effect that is most pronounced when using Ketorol, so this drug is often prescribed for both moderate and severe pain. The medicine, unlike Diclofenac and a number of other NSAIDs, does not lead to erosions on the mucous membranes of the stomach if a short course of treatment is followed.

Ketorol only helps relieve pain; the medicine does not affect the cause of its occurrence.

In case of severe and constant pain, it is necessary to establish the root cause of the pathology and undergo an appropriate course of therapy.

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Indications and contraindications for use

In order not to cause harm, it is important to know what ketorol helps with. Most often, ketorol, the instructions for use confirms this, is used as a symptomatic remedy to relieve headaches, dental and menstrual pain, as well as pain in the joints. In complex therapy, the drug is prescribed for the development of cancer and in the postoperative period.

The medicine is indicated to alleviate conditions in the following pathologies:

• Rheumatoid diseases.
• Spinal diseases and radiculitis.
• Ligament ruptures and muscle sprains.

Ketorol, like any non-steroidal drugs, is prohibited for use in the presence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Otherwise, the risk of gastric bleeding increases. The drug is not prescribed to patients under 16 years of age or during pregnancy and lactation. You should stop using the medicine if you are hypersensitive to the components of the drug, as well as if you have the following pathologies:

• Bronchial asthma.
• Hyperkalemia.
• Heart failure.
• Liver and kidney diseases.
• Stroke.

There are other diseases for which the doctor recommends taking the drug with caution. These are chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, various nervous system disorders, etc.

Ketorol, for which a prescription is required, should not be taken with a number of other medications:

• Pentoxifylline.
• Acetylsalicylic acid.
• Anticoagulants.
• Lithium salts.
• Probenecid.

When taking the drug simultaneously with alcoholic beverages, the risks of intoxication of the body increase.

Indications for use

Ketorol is intended only for the elimination of acute painful sensations. The tablet form of the drug and injections are used to eliminate the following types of pain:

• Head;
• Dental;

• Menstrual;
• Musculo-articular;
• Bone.

Ketorol in injections for pain is often used after injuries, for the treatment of osteochondrosis, radiculitis in the acute stage of illness. The drug may be included in the treatment regimen for cancer patients. Very often, ampoule Ketorol is used in combination with Analgin and Diphenhydramine to eliminate pain in malignant diseases. Moreover, the last two medications must be taken separately, that is, Ketorol is drawn into one syringe, and Diphenhydramine with Analgin into another.

Without a doctor's prescription, you cannot use several drugs with an analgesic effect at the same time, as this greatly increases the development of adverse reactions.

The choice of dosage form of the drug depends on the severity of the pain syndrome, the root cause of its development, and the presence of concomitant pathologies.

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Dosage and recommendations for treatment

In the postoperative period, tablets are usually prescribed, the price of which is affordable. This especially applies to cases where the instructions for use exclude ketorol injections against the background of certain consequences of operations. To relieve pain of any etiology, take one tablet. In case of intense severe pain, repeated use is allowed up to 4 times a day with a break of 4-6 hours. The duration of treatment is 5 days.

Ketorol tablets, the instructions for use emphasize this, should not be taken for any stomach problems. In this case, you need to purchase ketorol injection ampoules. In particular, intramuscular administration is indicated for persistent vomiting or difficulty swallowing. When they ask ketorol injections what they help with, experts often indicate radiculitis. In this case, the pain caused by this pathology can be dealt with quickly. Injections can be repeated with a break of 4 hours.

Ketorol gel is applied in a thin layer to clean and dried skin in areas of pain. Then rub in with soft massage movements. Procedures can be repeated 3-4 times a day until pain is relieved. The break between them is at least 4 hours. The duration of use of the gel is no more than 10 days.

Possible adverse reactions

In most cases, side effects are expressed:

• urination disorders - increased frequency or delay;
• headache;
• drowsiness;
• flatulence;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• hypotension.

Less commonly, patients experience stomach cramps, back pain, swelling, dizziness, bronchospasm, rhinitis, and nosebleeds while using Ketorol.

If you are hypersensitive to the active ingredient, loss of consciousness, swelling of the throat, and convulsions are possible.

In case of pronounced adverse reactions, the use of Ketorol should be stopped and the change in health should be reported to your doctor.

Contraindications

The drug Ketorol has a number of restrictions on its use.

The list is impressive, so you should carefully read the contraindications before using the medicine:

• The drug Ketorol has a number of restrictions on use

  Ketorol is contraindicated for pregnant women. If there is a need to supplement complex therapy with painkillers, breastfeeding is stopped.

• Age restrictions: children under 16 years old, elderly people over 60-65 years old.
• The period of surgical intervention (before, during and after) due to the high risk of bleeding.
• In case of impaired renal and liver function, when plasma creatinine exceeds 50 mg/l.
• Angioedema.
• Allergy to the components of the drug.
• Hypocoagulation, in particular manifestations of hemophilia.
• Hemorrhagic diathesis.
• Hemorrhagic stroke (or if the disease is suspected).
• Complex therapy with NSAIDs, COX-2.
• Hypovolemia.
• Bronchospasm.
• The aspirin triad is a type of bronchial asthma.

Instructions for use of ampoules

Corrections regarding the duration of the course and the addition of therapy with other means are carried out exclusively by a specialist

Ketorol should be used for injection into a muscle or vein. The product is not suitable for spinal and epidural injections.

The number of injections per day, as a rule, does not exceed 2 times. This is due to the effectiveness of the product and its long-lasting effect.

It is allowed to use Ketorol for 5 days.

Corrections regarding the duration of the course and the addition of therapy with other means are carried out exclusively by a specialist.

Instructions on how to prick:

• An intramuscular injection is made with deep penetration into the muscle tissue. The product should be released slowly. The pharmacological effect declared by the manufacturer occurs after half an hour and lasts up to 6 hours. 1-2 hours after the injection, the peak analgesic effect is observed. A single dose per adult is 1-3 ampoules. For long-term treatment, the first dose can be 30 mg, subsequent doses are reduced to 10-15 mg.
• Intravenous administration of the drug is also carried out slowly with a solution release rate of 15 s/1 ml. Before the procedure, a clearly visible vein is selected (usually in the arms or in the chest area). The puncture site is treated with an antiseptic before and after administering the solution. It is not allowed to administer simultaneously with other drugs (put in the same syringe).

Do not use Ketorol in therapy where other NSAIDs are already used.

Ketorol - analogues

Ketorol cannot always be used to relieve pain. If the medicine is not suitable due to contraindications or the price does not suit you, then other painkillers can be used.

The cost of the tablet form of Ketorol is on average about 40 rubles. The original drug and any of its analogues should be used taking into account all contraindications to taking the medicine.