How to remove tartar in dentistry: all modern methods

1. What is tartar
2. How is tartar formed?
3. Types of Tartar
4. Symptoms and consequences of tartar
5. How to prevent tartar formation
6. Methods for removing tartar
7. How is tartar removal performed?
8. Removing tartar at home
9. Side effects from scaling
10. Proper brushing of teeth
11. Prices for tartar removal in Moscow

What is tartar and what is the cause of the disease. What methods will help eliminate this aesthetic problem. Is it possible to remove formations without resorting to the help of a dentist?

What is tartar

Tartar is a formation that is a keratinized plaque consisting of poorly removed food debris, calcium, phosphorus and iron salts covered with a biofilm of dead bacteria.

You can find fossilized food deposits over the entire surface of the dentition, but most often the concentration is on the lower incisors, closer to the gums and on the sides.

Please note that tartar can penetrate the back wall and inside the gums. It is usually found in hard-to-reach places where it is impossible to remove food debris with a toothbrush.

Diagnostics

Pathology can be detected by visual examination. Even with insignificant volumes of deposits, they are indicated by:

• redness and swelling of the gums;
• increased temperature of inflamed tissues;
• tooth mobility;
• pain when pressing on an area with signs of hyperemia.

A periodontal probe allows you to detect the location of the stone. In addition, some of the deep deposits are visualized on an x-ray of the dentition.

How is tartar formed?

Food particles attach to tooth enamel. Most often from soft and sticky foods, such as flour products.

Under the influence of saliva, a film of glycoproteins is formed; if you do not rinse or brush your teeth, then after 4 hours streptococci bacteria come into play, and actinomycetes join them. After 2 days, streptococci decrease, but the number of anaerobic bacteria increases. After 7 days, spirochetes and motile rods appear.

Remains of food and the bacteria that multiply on them are gradually covered with a film of saliva, smoothed out and hardened. Tartar grows because new layers are added to existing particles.

Fermentation and metabolism processes occur under dental plaque, during which acids are formed. They weaken tooth enamel so that tooth decay can develop over time.

Tartar can also cause bad breath.

Plaque can eventually turn into tartar through mineralization—minerals from saliva are deposited in plaque and make it very hard.

This is how complications arise; as a result of a neglected condition, you can lose a healthy tooth, but ringed with plaque.

The rate of mineralization varies from person to person. It all depends on the following factors:

• the amount of saliva produced;
• its composition and activity of secretions;
• quality of oral hygiene;
• nutritional characteristics;
• violation of salt exchange in the body;
• wearing dental structures (prostheses);

The predominance of solid foods (raw vegetables) significantly reduces the development of plaque. The products act as a cleaning agent, helping to remove dirt from the enamel. Chewing for a long time releases more saliva, which has an antibacterial effect.

Types of Tartar

Fossils on enamel come in different types depending on location. So they distinguish:

• supragingival stones - formed on the first molars (lateral) and front or lower teeth;
• subgingival - hard areas that penetrate soft tissue;
• stone bridge – covering the main and adjacent teeth.

Symptoms and consequences of tartar

Patients experience the following symptoms:

• bad breath;
• bleeding gums;
• caries;
• purulent discharge;
• gingivitis;
• pulpitis;
• periodontitis – inflammation of tissue areas near the root of the tooth;
• mobility and tooth loss.

Gingivitis

The initial form of gum disease.

If left untreated, gingivitis can develop into periodontitis, which is a serious, irreversible gum disease and the most common cause of tooth loss in adults.

The main 4 signs of gingivitis:

1. Bleeding gums. Healthy gums do not bleed. If blood comes out when using a toothbrush or floss, this may indicate the onset of gingivitis. Even if it happens from time to time. The symptom should not be ignored as it may be a sign of the onset of gum disease.
2. Unpleasant smell. There are many reasons for a bad odor: specific foods, poor hygiene, but it can also be the first sign of gingivitis. This is due to the fact that the bacteria that cause gum disease produce an unpleasant odor by breaking down food particles in the mouth.
3. Swollen gums. They are usually pink and firm. Redness and swelling may indicate the onset of the disease.
4. Receding gums. They begin to separate, and the root of the tooth is exposed, the incisors appear longer. Increased sensitivity is another sign.

A common cause of toothache is inflammation of the dental nerve, called pulpitis. Anyone suffering from this should seek help from a dentist as soon as possible.

Pulpitis

In acute pulpitis, pain usually occurs spontaneously. The pain may be constant or occur periodically. In rare cases, the inflammatory process is completely painless.

If the affected tooth is sensitive to pressure and impact, this is a sign of a dead dental nerve. It hurts when you touch the tongue, but especially when you squeeze it. The pain is often worse at night, as the warmth of the bed increases the inflammatory process. If left untreated, bacteria from the medullary cavity of the tooth can penetrate through the hole at the root tip into the surrounding bone and soft tissue. Accordingly, inflammation spreads, the cheek and lymph nodes swell.

Periodontitis

Periodontal disease is defined as chronic inflammatory disease of the gums. It is mainly caused by bacterial plaque (biofilm, plaque), especially in old age.

As a result of inflammation, your teeth may hurt and your gums may bleed more easily. If left untreated, periodontitis can also lead to tooth loss.

Patients with periodontitis usually show few symptoms at first. However, some signs may indicate the disease:

• bleeding gums;
• red and swollen gums;
• Gum recession;
• open and sensitive necks of teeth;
• putrid odor from the mouth;
• unpleasant taste, especially when pus leaks from the inflamed areas;
• The spaces between the teeth widen;
• loose teeth, misaligned teeth.

Why do deposits appear on teeth?

The appearance of stone on initially light-colored teeth is due to various pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora. The process is promoted by streptococci, lactobacilli, some types of Treponema and many other bacteria, the treatment of which is impossible due to their widespread distribution. Plaque is nothing more than the products of their active life in the oral cavity.

Daily brushing of teeth is not able to completely remove this deposit, even if done after every meal. After all, not all hard-to-reach places can be reached with a regular brush or thread. Interdental spaces, crevices and grooves in the back teeth, as well as the area of ​​the neck of the tooth are difficult to clean on your own.

How to prevent tartar formation

By observing good oral hygiene, you can prevent the (re)formation of tartar:

1. Brush your teeth thoroughly at least twice a day using a good manual or electric toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste.
2. Clean between teeth once a day using dental floss or interdental brushes.
3. With these measures it is possible to prevent the formation of plaque and therefore tartar, as well as to prevent tooth discoloration and decay.

Prevention

Preventing the appearance of dental plaque is quite simple and useful. It provides the following:

• Regular oral hygiene procedures in the morning and evening for three to five minutes;
• Preventive visits to the dentist every six months;
• The use of special toothpastes that remove plaque well;
• Using floss to remove food debris between teeth;
• Rinsing your mouth after every meal;
• Reducing the consumption of sweet and starchy foods, which create a favorable environment for the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms;
• Eating fresh fruits and vegetables.

Methods for removing tartar

1. Physical method. Consists of mechanical destruction of deposits using a dental instrument with a thin tip. Modern medicine uses the Air flow system. Fine particles of soda are applied under high pressure, causing a stream of air containing the powder to knock the fossils off the tooth. A subsequent stream of water washes away the separated particles.

2. Chemical method. Allows you to remove formations with the help of compounds that dissolve the basis of tartar - deposits of mineral salts. A composition is applied to the teeth that softens plaque, but does not cause significant harm to the enamel. Then the impurities are removed.

3. Ultrasound. Ultrasonic waves do not injure teeth and gums. Contraindicated in patients using a pacemaker.

4. Laser. The laser method can be used specifically in dentistry for various procedures. It is one of the most effective and expensive procedures. The laser beam is very thin and can be used precisely. This way, only truly unwanted tissue is destroyed. Healthy tissues are preserved. Local anesthesia is often not required. Laser treatment does not cause noise or vibration like drilling. The virtually painless treatment is especially suitable for anxious patients.

Subsequent processing: fluoridation + polishing

A mandatory step after brushing (except for Air-Flow) is teeth polishing. After the procedure, the enamel becomes slightly rough, as microscopic particles of stone and mechanical irregularities remain on it. If the surface of the teeth is not polished, plaque will settle much more intensely than before brushing.

For polishing, use special brushes or a water-air jet with an abrasive mixture.

To reduce tooth sensitivity after the procedure and strengthen the enamel, special compounds with a high content of sodium fluoride are applied to the surface of the teeth. The procedure is not mandatory, but its implementation will help to quickly restore damaged layers.

Stone removal with 20% discount

Moscow

How is tartar removal performed?

At the first stage, the presence or absence of allergies in the patient to drugs will be determined.

Then the degree of sensitivity of the teeth is determined, and an anesthetic is applied as necessary.

The method by which the procedure will be carried out is selected.

For rough tartar removal, an ultrasonic scaler is often used first. This is followed by processing with special hand tools to remove stubborn dirt.

The enamel is cleaned of residual particles of contamination and the doctor begins to polish the teeth so that the surface is completely smooth.

Small irregularities and areas of rougher texture on the teeth are also smoothed out, providing protection against further plaque buildup.

The enamel of the teeth is coated with varnish.

After the work has been done, the dentist will advise how often you should plan to remove tartar.

It should be noted that professional cleaning is only intended to be an addition to daily thorough oral hygiene and should in no way be considered a replacement for brushing your teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.

Reviews of doctors providing the service – Removal of dental plaque

Words cannot express my gratitude to Elena Nikolaevna Kiseleva.
This is the best doctor in the world. I got an appointment after many years of being ignored by the dentist’s office and with the bitter experience of treatment in another paid clinic, the mistakes of which had to be corrected in the first visits. Thank you for this... Read full review Roman Stanislavovich Sh

25.07.2020

I would like to thank the wonderful doctor Natalya Olegovna Elizarova for her high professionalism, sensitive and kind attitude, the doctor has golden hands! He is honestly dedicated to his work and a wonderful person who treats his patients with understanding. I wish you health and success!!! Thank you, ... Read full review

Larisa

15.01.2018

Removing tartar at home

Home remedies for tartar can be useful for removing soft plaque without the help of a dentist.

If there is already a hard coating, then you should definitely seek treatment from a specialist. Trying to pick out deposits on your own will not work. As a result, the enamel will only be damaged. It cannot be restored.

1. Vinegar and lemon. The acid contained in vinegar and lemon acts against tartar. However, the taste is unpleasant, and the acid has an aggressive effect on tooth enamel. These home remedies should be used no more than once a month.

1. Baking powder. The crystals found in baking powder and baking soda act like sandpaper and remove unwanted coating. Dip your fingertip in baking soda and vigorously rub the affected areas. However, the powder can potentially damage healthy gums and tooth enamel.

1. Tea tree oil. Rinse your teeth thoroughly with a solution of 1-2 drops in a glass of warm water.

1. Xylitol. Xylitol is a sugar substitute and, as an ingredient in chewing gum, can support oral hygiene. Research shows that xylitol is beneficial for dental health.

1. Tincture of myrrh. Has a preventive effect. Brush sensitive areas along the gum line to reduce acid buildup. The liquid is also used for gum inflammation caused by tartar or its removal.

1. Coconut oil and olive oil. Take one or two tablespoons of natural oil into your mouth and thoroughly rub the liquid between your teeth for several minutes. You must be careful not to swallow it and then rinse your mouth thoroughly with clean water.

1. Sesame seeds. Chewing sesame seeds vigorously provides the body with healthy fats and also helps against the formation of tartar. Apply the well-fertilized seed paste several times to the affected areas of the teeth, using your tongue as a tool to create the necessary friction for grinding.

1. Celandine. A good remedy not only for skin diseases, but also helps cleanse teeth of plaque. Prepare a decoction and rinse your mouth without swallowing. The plant contains toxins that can harm the stomach.

1. A mixture of lemon juice and black radish. Suitable for treatment and preventive measures. Apply to teeth, then rinse with warm water. You cannot clean with a brush after acidic juice, because it softens not only the stones, but also the enamel. You need to wait 30 minutes.
2. Decoction of burdock and green beans. Burdock can be picked locally or purchased dry crushed leaves at the pharmacy. The combination of these plants will help soften the stratum corneum.
3. Dental floss. You can use it to thoroughly and permanently clean hard-to-reach spaces between teeth.

Side effects from scaling

These effects can appear after professional removal and when using folk remedies.

1. Uncomfortable sensitivity from ultrasound: Some patients are sensitive to pain from ultrasound because the dental nerve or gums may be irritated. In addition, some people are bothered by accompanying sounds.
2. Temperature Sensitivity: Once plaque is removed, teeth may be more sensitive to stimuli such as cold or heat. This is because tartar protects the tooth from these irritants. After removal, he first needs to get used to the intensity of the stimuli.
3. Loose teeth: If you begin to notice loose teeth after tartar removal, especially the incisors, this may be a sign of periodontitis, which was previously unrecognized because the tartar was holding the teeth together. Depending on the severity of periodontitis, the dentist treats the bacterial infection of the periodontium with medications.

Proper brushing of teeth to remove plaque

Bass technique has been developed to remove food debris from the gum area. It is performed according to the following algorithm:

1. Apply paste to brush
2. Rinse your mouth with water
3. Position the brush parallel to the teeth
4. Slightly tilt the brush approximately 45 degrees.
5. Move the device without pressing
6. Then move in a circle, trying to get the bristles between the teeth
7. Go over the entire jaw 15-20 times
8. Move in a circular motion along the side teeth
9. Do not ignore your tongue; 80% of pollution accumulates on it.
10. Remove plaque from tongue
11. There are brushes with a rough or bumpy back wall, specially made for cleaning this organ.
12. After the outer part is completed, it is necessary to move on to the back wall of the incisors and molars. To do this, the brush is placed vertically with its bristles.
13. It is recommended to carry out the procedure near a mirror to see the correctness of your actions.

As you can see, problems in the oral cavity and teeth occur in most cases due to non-compliance with hygiene rules.

Residues of food and the accumulation of bacteria on them create a plaque that hardens over time and cannot be removed by regular cleaning.

This is not only an aesthetic defect, but also serves as the basis for the development of dangerous diseases.

Brushing your teeth twice a day and regular dental check-ups will help reduce the risk of formations.

Prices for tartar removal in Moscow

Where to contact?

At the dental department of the CELT clinic, you can order professional plaque removal services using modern ultrasonic cleaning technology. Deep cleaning of gum pockets and teeth is carried out with a complex “Vector” device. We use effective anesthetics, which we select individually. Contact us! We will make your smile even more beautiful!

Make an appointment through the application or by calling +7 +7 We work every day:

• Monday—Friday: 8.00—20.00
• Saturday: 8.00–18.00
• Sunday is a day off

The nearest metro and MCC stations to the clinic:

• Highway of Enthusiasts or Perovo
• Partisan
• Enthusiast Highway

Driving directions